Creating a 3D road in Android OpenGL ES -

i'm trying create simple game in android. road meant games temple run or subway surf simpler , abstract opengl es without other libraries. i've read lot of basic tutorials explains 3d construction logic , used basic sample of creating 3d cube rotates.

i trying use sample create game road. made square more rectangle , duplicate 30x5 square road. i've tried many combinations , internet find solution , yet have problems\questions:

1. how set 30x5 squares 1 next another? i'm getting squares unwanted gap
2. i want set vieweye point (the "camera") 45 degrees middle of first row, player see road upon him
3. next, want move along road. iv'e seen rotate , how works. there way same viewpoint or need change squares drawing z's?
4. i see ondrawframe() calling on , on many times. control fps, i've seen on internet people have used there own fps calculation sleep(). isn't there built 1 already?

glrenderer code:

import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.eglconfig; import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.gl10; import android.content.context; import android.opengl.glsurfaceview; import android.opengl.glu; import android.util.log;   class glrenderer implements glsurfaceview.renderer {      private static final string tag = "glrenderer" ;     private final context context;      private float mcuberotation = 70.0f;     private triangle triangle;     private cube[][] cube;       glrenderer(context context) {         this.context = context;     }     public void onsurfacecreated(gl10 gl, eglconfig config) {         gl.glclearcolor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f);           gl.glcleardepthf(1.0f);         gl.glenable(gl10.gl_depth_test);         gl.gldepthfunc(gl10.gl_lequal);          gl.glhint(gl10.gl_perspective_correction_hint,gl10.gl_nicest);      }     public void onsurfacechanged(gl10 gl, int width, int height) {         log.d("myopenglrenderer", "surface changed. width=" + width                 + " height=" + height);         system.out.println("arg");          //get map         cube = new cube[30][5];         for(int = 0; < cube.length; i++)             for(int j = 0; j < cube[i].length; j++)                     cube[i][j] = new cube();          //draw triangle         triangle = new triangle(0.5f, 1, 0, 0);          // define view frustum         gl.glviewport(0, 0, width, height);         gl.glmatrixmode(gl10.gl_projection);         gl.glloadidentity();         float ratio = (float) width / height;         glu.gluperspective(gl, 45.0f, ratio, 0.1f, 100.0f);          gl.glmatrixmode(gl10.gl_modelview);         gl.glloadidentity();      }     public void ondrawframe(gl10 gl) {          // clear screen black         gl.glclear(gl10.gl_color_buffer_bit | gl10.gl_depth_buffer_bit);            //translate(dx, dy, dz)          // position model can see         //gl.glmatrixmode(gl10.gl_modelview);         gl.glloadidentity();          gl.gltranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f);         gl.glrotatef(mcuberotation, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);         gl.gltranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f);         cube[0][0].draw(gl);         gl.gltranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f);         cube[0][1].draw(gl);         gl.gltranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f);         cube[0][2].draw(gl);          gl.glloadidentity();                                              //set rotation         mcuberotation -= 0.15f;         system.out.println("mcuberotation: "+mcuberotation);      } } 

cube code:

import java.nio.bytebuffer; import java.nio.byteorder; import java.nio.floatbuffer;  import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.gl10;  class cube {      private floatbuffer mvertexbuffer;  //vertex     private floatbuffer mcolorbuffer;   //color      private bytebuffer  mindexbuffer;   //face indices      float width  = 1.0f;     float height = 0.5f;     float depth  = 1.0f;      private float vertices[] = {                           -width, -height, -depth, // 0                           width, -height, -depth, // 1                           width,  height, -depth, // 2                          -width,  height, -depth, // 3                          -width, -height,  depth, // 4                           width, -height,  depth, // 5                           width,  height,  depth, // 6                          -width,  height,  depth, // 7     };      private float colors[] = {                                0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,                                1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,                                0.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,                                0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,                                1.0f,  0.5f,  0.0f,                                1.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,                                0.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,                                0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,                                0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,                                1.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,                                1.0f,  1.0f                             };      private byte indices[] = {                               0, 4, 5,                               0, 5, 1,                               1, 5, 6,                               1, 6, 2,                               2, 6, 7,                               2, 7, 3,                               3, 7, 4,                               3, 4, 0,                               4, 7, 6,                               4, 6, 5,                               3, 0, 1,                               3, 1, 2                               };      public cube() {             bytebuffer bytebuf = bytebuffer.allocatedirect(vertices.length * 4);             bytebuf.order(byteorder.nativeorder());             mvertexbuffer = bytebuf.asfloatbuffer();             mvertexbuffer.put(vertices);             mvertexbuffer.position(0);              bytebuf = bytebuffer.allocatedirect(colors.length * 4);             bytebuf.order(byteorder.nativeorder());             mcolorbuffer = bytebuf.asfloatbuffer();             mcolorbuffer.put(colors);             mcolorbuffer.position(0);              mindexbuffer = bytebuffer.allocatedirect(indices.length);             mindexbuffer.put(indices);             mindexbuffer.position(0);     }      public void draw(gl10 gl) {                          gl.glfrontface(gl10.gl_cw);              gl.glvertexpointer(3, gl10.gl_float, 0, mvertexbuffer);             gl.glcolorpointer(4, gl10.gl_float, 0, mcolorbuffer);              gl.glenableclientstate(gl10.gl_vertex_array);             gl.glenableclientstate(gl10.gl_color_array);              gl.gldrawelements(gl10.gl_triangles, 36, gl10.gl_unsigned_byte,                              mindexbuffer);              gl.gldisableclientstate(gl10.gl_vertex_array);             gl.gldisableclientstate(gl10.gl_color_array);     } } 

eventually i'll draw square array using gldrawarrays() or gldrawelements() i've used 3 objects.

there's lot of questions here. can't cover in detail, can give pointers steer in right direction.

to draw 150 squares, have number of options:

1. create vertex buffer single square, , draw 150 times, translations applied. easiest off ground, recommend getting working first. it's reasonable approach if squares same.
2. create 150 vertex buffers, different coordinates. wouldn't recommend because it's least efficient, , doesn't have benefits on other approaches.
3. store vertices 150 squares in single vertex buffer. efficient of first 3 options, works long relative orientation of squares remains same. may want try once have basics working.
4. use instanced rendering. more advanced feature, , available in es 3.0. mentioning future reference.

what attempted sort of hybrid between option 1 , 2. if want go option 1, need 1 instance of cube class. if @ did, makes sense. created 150 objects same, not useful.

now, on questions:

1. to draw squares without gaps between them, amount of translations needs same size of each square. squares 2 units wide, translate each 1 10 units. translate them in z-direction, don't quite understand.
2. if want stick kind of functionality have been using, check out glu.glulookat(). allows place camera want it, , point in direction.
3. same 2. call glu.glulookat() every time want move viewpoint.
4. android caps frame rate @ 60 frames per second. that's should shooting anyway, imho. if want limit 30 fps later save power, think can cross bridge when there. based on researched recently, there's no clean , portable way on android. proposed solutions have seen kind of hacky me.

a couple more things on code:

• your color definitions odd. specify colors in 4 components, , size of array correct that. write array 3 values per line, makes want 3 component colors. either 1 can done, need make sure you're consistent. 3 components enough, unless need transparency.
• you using es 1.0. that's valid, , might easier started with. should aware many of features considered obsolete, , using es 2.0 let learn more modern , current opengl features. initial hurdle higher, there's tradeoff here.